Here’s a little Q&A about a disease that’s been getting some attention in the media. We hope this fact sheet will help shed some light on—and calm your fears about—canine influenza.

What is canine influenza, and what are the symptoms?

Canine influenza is a contagious respiratory infection caused by a virus thought to have mutated from the equine influenza virus. It appears to have two forms. The mild form is characterized by a cough. The cough can be a moist cough; however, some dogs have a dry cough which can be mistaken for kennel cough. There may also be a thick nasal discharge. The severe form is characterized by a high fever, and may be accompanied by pneumonia-like symptoms of hard or ragged breathing, which are actually caused by a secondary infection. There have been a few fatal cases of canine influenza, but generally, we believe that while lots of dogs may get it, very few will die from it.

Which dogs are susceptible?

Though it was first noticed in racing greyhounds at tracks in 11 states, the virus has been identified in domestic dogs in at least 14 other states, including Colorado. Since it is considered to be a new virus, all dogs can be susceptible and will not have immunity. Since it is fairly contagious, dogs exposed to it have a very good chance of developing symptoms.

Why do dogs get it?

The virus can be transmitted when your dog comes in contact with secretions from infected dogs, including those left on objects the infected dog has been in contact with.    

How is it treated?

If your dog develops a cough, call your vet and bring your dog in for a checkup. Typically, an exam and blood test will be done to determine which disease we’re dealing with, whether it’s kennel cough, canine influenza, or something else. Treatment can vary widely, depending on the severity of the case and whether or not a secondary infection is present. Fluid therapy may be recommended if your dog is dehydrated, and antibiotics may be prescribed to treat a secondary infection.

How can I prevent my dog from getting it?

Currently, there is not a vaccine for canine influenza. The best way to prevent your dog from contracting it is through common-sense disease prevention, including the following:

• If your dog goes to doggie day care, a boarding facility, or to dog parks, ask the managers of the facility if they’ve had any runs of kennel cough or any cases of canine influenza. Ask them also what procedures they have for isolating dogs who show signs of illness, and ask to be notified if a dog gets sick at their facility. Dogs in day care are just like kids in day care—everyone is more likely to get the “bug” that’s going around while they’re in close contact with others. If the facility has good cleanliness and disease control practices, your dog’s risk of illness is no greater than at any other time they’re there.
• Make sure your dog’s vaccines are all up to date, including bordatella, which is the vaccine for kennel cough. This will help minimize the chance that your dog will develop the secondary infections that have been seen with canine influenza.
• If your dog develops a cough, keep him home from doggie day care and other activities that expose him to other dogs, and bring him in to see the vet as soon as possible.

Can the disease jump from dogs to people?

There is no evidence that canine influenza can be transmitted to humans. However, if one of your dogs has the virus, when you come in contact with him and then with your other dogs afterward, you can spread the disease to them. Therefore, it’s very important to practice good disease control when you have an infected pet. Keep that dog isolated, and make sure to wash your hands after coming in contact with him. Clean his bowls and his living area very thoroughly with hot water and soap (be sure to rinse completely, so there’s no chance of your dog ingesting the soap residue). Wash your clothes and his blankets in hot water and regular laundry soap.

Where can I get more information?

If you have any other questions about canine influenza, please call us and ask to speak to one of our veterinarians or veterinary technicians. We’ll be glad to answer your questions.